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Žemaičių Kalvarija
Žemaičių Kalvarija (Samogitian: ''Žemaitiu Kalvarėjė'', (英語:Samogitian Calvary)) is a small town in Plungė district municipality, Lithuania. It is known as a major site for Catholic pilgrimage.
Every July the town hosts a large Church festival, known as the Great Žemaičių Kalvarija Festival. It attracts many tourists from all over Lithuania and abroad. It is one of the few "must visit" locations for most Roman Catholics of Lithuania. The main church of the town boasts a sculpture of crucified Jesus and picture of St. Maria, which was brought to this town in middle of 17th century from Rome. The picture is considered to be saintly.
== History of the name ==
This place was mentioned in 1253 as ''Garde'' (Gardaí). In the 17th century, when the main church and road of cross was built, people started calling it the New Jerusalem, but after some time it was named Kalvarija after the name of the hill where Jesus was crucified. In the 20th century, the town was renamed to Žemaičių Kalvarija to avoid misunderstandings, because there is another town in south-west of Lithuania called Kalvarija.
During the Soviet years, 1964–1989, the town was renamed to Varduva after Varduva river that flows near the town. At that time, people, who visited this place as pilgrims were persecuted by KGB. Only in 1989 town's name was restored back to its historic name Žemaičių Kalvarija.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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